Thalassemia-RachelB

Thalassemia Thalassemia is a blood disorder passed down through families. The body makes an abnormal form of hemoglobin which is the protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen. This disorder results in destruction of red blood cells. This leads to anemia.  **Inheritance:**  This disease is inherited when the mutated thalassemia gene is passed from parents to a child through birth. The type of Thalassemia depends on whether it came from one or both parents. Thalassemia can not be caught or passed on to another person.
 * Description: **

**Symptoms: **Most sever Thalassemia causes still birth. Still birth is the death of unborn infant or late stages of pregnancy. Children born with Thalassemia major “Cooley’s Anemia” are normal at birth but soon develop sever Anemia during the first year of life. Other Symptoms:  · Bone deformations of the face  · Fatigue  · Growth failure  · Shortness of breath  · <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yellow skin(Jaundice) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 14.25pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">People with a minor form of Alpha or Beta Thalassemia have small red blood cells, but no symptoms. This is identified under a microscope. **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Daily Life: ** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 14.25pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> media type="custom" key="9495584"

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Diagnosis: **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> A <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> complete blood count provides information about the amount of hemoglobin and the different kinds of blood cells. People who have Thalassemia have fewer healthy red blood cells and less hemoglobin in their blood thank normal. Moderate and severe Thalassemia is usually diagnosed in early childhood. Signs and symptoms appear in the first two years of life. Doctors suspect Thalassemia if they have anemia and or is a member of certain ethnic groups that has an increased risk for Thalassemia. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the body does not have enough iron the make hemoglobin. **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Treatment: ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">If you are a person who has a Alpha or Beta Thalassemia trait or is a carrier need little or no treatment. If you need treatment, this is what you can do. · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Blood Transfusions · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Iron Chelation Therapy · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Folic Acid Supplements · <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 14.25pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> ** Research: ** To prevent giving your child Thalassemia, take blood tests with the mate, or before marriage. This disease is inherited. Blood tests and family genetics studies will show you if you are a carrier.

<span style="line-height: 16.5pt; margin-bottom: 3.75pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 7.5pt;">** Additional Facts: ** Hemoglobin is made of two separate amino acid chains. They are alpha and beta. Alpha thalassemia is when the alpha chain is affected. If you are a silent carrier only one gene is affected. If you have a thalassemia trait, two genes are affected. Three genes are affected if you have the hemoglobin H disease. Lastly, if you have alpha hydrops fetalis four genes are affected and it’s the most severe form. This results in the fetal or newborn death. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 16.5pt; margin-bottom: 3.75pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 7.5pt;">Beta thalassemia is when the beta chain is affected. If you are a thalassemia minor, you have one abnormal gene. Also is you are a thalassemia major, which is “Cooley’s amenia”, you have two abnormal genes. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 16.5pt; margin-bottom: 3.75pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 7.5pt;">Genes are inherited from the child’s biological parents. There are four alpha genes and two beta genes.The disease can develop if only one parent has abnormal genes. If only one gene is inherited, the person will be a carrier of the disease. They will have mild or no symptoms. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 3.75pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 7.5pt;">**Punnett Square:**

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 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pedigree Chart: **

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